Batch vs Streaming Data
Understand the two fundamental ways data can be processed.
Batch Processing
Batch processing runs on a schedule — for example, once per hour or once per day — collecting data over a period and processing it all at once. Batch pipelines are simpler to build and reason about, and are well suited to reporting use cases that don't require up-to-the-second freshness.
Streaming Processing
Streaming processing handles data continuously as individual events arrive, often within seconds. This suits use cases like fraud detection or real-time dashboards, where delays of even a few minutes are too slow.
Choosing Between Them
Most organizations use a mix of both: batch pipelines for daily reporting and historical analysis, and streaming pipelines for time-sensitive operational needs. Start with batch processing unless you have a clear, specific need for real-time data.
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